Astm D95 Pdf May 2026
A known mass (or volume, with density correction) of the test specimen is charged into a distillation flask with a measured amount of toluene-alcohol (or other azeotropic solvent specified) mixture. The solvent forms an azeotrope with water and carries it over during distillation. The vapor is condensed, and the condensate separates into an aqueous layer and an organic layer or miscible phase depending on solvent chosen. The aqueous layer is separated and either measured directly (by graduated receiver) or collected and weighed to determine the amount of water removed. The percent water is calculated from the mass of water and the original sample mass.
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Title: Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation (ASTM D95)
Abstract
Accurate determination of water content is critical for the quality control and operational efficiency of petroleum products and bituminous materials. ASTM D95, standardized by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), provides a widely accepted method for quantifying water using a distillation procedure. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of ASTM D D95, detailing its scope, significance, apparatus, procedural methodology, and inherent limitations. The discussion highlights the method's reliance on azeotropic distillation to separate water from the sample, making it a benchmark procedure for field and laboratory analysis despite the emergence of more modern techniques such as Karl Fischer titration. A known mass (or volume, with density correction)
ASTM D95 covers the determination of water in crude petroleum, tars, and other petroleum products. It is applicable to materials where water is a distinct phase and not chemically combined with the sample. The method is capable of determining water content ranging from trace amounts up to significant percentages, typically exceeding 0.1% by volume.
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To perform the test according to the official standard, you need: Copyright notice: ASTM standards are copyrighted
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The apparatus required for ASTM D95 is distinct and specialized, typically consisting of:
