While these crops depend on rain, if the monsoon is erratic or there is a "dry spell," farmers must supply supplemental irrigation to save the crops.
It is complex. Sugarcane is a perennial crop (grows all year), but it is often classified as Kharif because its main planting season coincides with the monsoon onset.
No. Kharif crops require long daylight hours and high humidity. If you plant rice in December, it will not flower and will likely be killed by frost.